Open AccessCerebral ischemia and neuroregeneration
Author(s) -
Reggie H.C. Lee,
Michelle H.H. Lee,
Celeste YinChieh Wu,
Alexandre Couto e Silva,
Harlee E. Possoit,
Tsung Han Hsieh,
Alireza Minagar,
Hung Wen Lin
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
neural regeneration research/neural regeneration research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.93
H-Index - 38
eISSN - 1876-7958
pISSN - 1673-5374
DOI - 10.4103/1673-5374.228711
Subject(s) - ischemia , medicine , neuroregeneration , tissue plasminogen activator , stroke (engine) , hypothermia , resveratrol , anesthesia , pharmacology , neuroprotection , mechanical engineering , engineering
Cerebral ischemia is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although stroke (a form of cerebral ischemia)-related costs are expected to reach 240.67 billion dollars by 2030, options for treatment against cerebral ischemia/stroke are limited. All therapies except anti-thrombolytics (i.e., tissue plasminogen activator) and hypothermia have failed to reduce neuronal injury, neurological deficits, and mortality rates following cerebral ischemia, which suggests that development of novel therapies against stroke/cerebral ischemia are urgently needed. Here, we discuss the possible mechanism(s) underlying cerebral ischemia-induced brain injury, as well as current and future novel therapies (i.e., growth factors, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, melatonin, resveratrol, protein kinase C isozymes, pifithrin, hypothermia, fatty acids, sympathoplegic drugs, and stem cells) as it relates to cerebral ischemia.