Open AccessNephrocalcinosis among children at king hussein medical center: Causes and outcome
Author(s) -
Jwaher Al-bderat,
Reham I Mardinie,
Ghazi Salaita,
Amer T Al-Bderat,
Mahdi K Farrah
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
saudi journal of kidney diseases and transplantation/našrat amraḍ wa zira'aẗ al-kulaẗ
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.268
H-Index - 30
eISSN - 2320-3838
pISSN - 1319-2442
DOI - 10.4103/1319-2442.215138
Subject(s) - medicine , nephrocalcinosis , polyuria , polydipsia , renal function , pediatrics , failure to thrive , urinary system , single center , gastroenterology , vitamin d and neurology , urology , kidney , endocrinology , diabetes mellitus
Nephrocalcinosis (NC) is defined as deposition of calcium crystals in the renal parenchyma and tubules. This is a retrospective review of all the data of 63 children presented to Pediatric Nephrology Clinic at King Hussein Medical Center (KHMC) over a 15-year period with bilateral NC. We determine their causes, clinical presentation and evaluate their growth and renal function during their follow-up. Thirty-five (55.5%) cases were males and 28 (44.5%) were females. The median (range) age at presentation was four (2–192) months. The most common leading cause to NC was hereditary tubulopathy in 48% followed by hyperoxaluria in 35%. The cause of NC remained unknown in 3% and Vitamin D excess accounts for 5% of the cases. The most presenting symptom was a failure to thrive (68%) and the second most common symptom was abdominal pain and recurrent urinary tract infection was found in 40%, polyuria and polydipsia were found in 32% of cases, and 16% of cases were diagnosed incidentally. At a median follow-up of 38 (14–200) months, estimated glomerular filtration rate had decreased from 84.0 (42–110) mL/min per 1.73 m2 body surface area to 68.2 (10–110) mL/min/1.73 m2 body surface (P = 0.001). This study illustrated the need for a national registry of rare renal diseases to help understand the causes of these conditions in our populations and provide support to affected patients and their families