Investıgatıon of malignancy in diabetic patients with anemia

Introduction: The etiology of anemia is multifactorial in diabetes and covers inflammation, diabetes, nutritional deficiencies, autoimmune diseases, medications and hormonal changes, in addition to the kidney diseases or may be malignancy. In this study, it was aimed to study the profile of the malignancy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and anemia. Materials and Methods: The files of the follow-up patients with type 2 diabetes were retrospectively reviewed and 103 patients with type 2 DM and anemia were included in the study. The demographic, hematological and biochemical analysis of the data was performed in the diabetic patients with anemia. The frequency of malignancy in diabetic patients with anemia, the etiology of malignancy, the relationship between the presence of malignancy and anemia type and depth, biochemical parameters in the determination of malignancy, the effects of endoscopic and imaging methods, the presence of anemia in patients without malignancy and the effect of in-depth glomerular filtration rate were investigated. Results: The iron deficiency anemia (69.9%) was the most common. Malignancy was found in 11 of the 103 patients (10.7%). 2 patients (1.9%) had stomach cancer, 4 patients (6.3%) had colon cancer in endoscopic procedures. In computerized tomography images, 5 patients were found to be malignant in addition to the stomach and colon cancer. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate was significantly higher in the group with malignancy. No correlation was found between malignancy and anemia type and depth. Conclusion: Screening for malignancy should be considered in diabetic patients with anemia, especially in patients with elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, regardless of the type and depth of the anemia. In addition, tomography should be recommended for malignancy screening in diabetic patients with anemia that have a normal gastrointestinal examination