Open AccessAssessment of angiogenic factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, serum and urine level changes in superficial bladder tumor immunotherapy by intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin
Author(s) -
Behzad Feizzadeh Kerigh,
Abdolazim Bahrami,
Ali Shamsa,
Mehran Abolbashari
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
urology annals
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.355
H-Index - 20
eISSN - 0974-7834
pISSN - 0974-7796
DOI - 10.4103/0974-7796.68855
Subject(s) - medicine , vascular endothelial growth factor , angiogenesis , urology , immunotherapy , urine , stage (stratigraphy) , adjuvant , transitional cell carcinoma , bladder cancer , vegf receptors , cancer , paleontology , biology
Bladder tumor is one of the most common genitourinary tumors. Management of non-muscle invasive (NMI) bladder tumors is primarily by transurethral resection (TURBT) followed by intravesical immunotherapy or chemotherapy. Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is the most effective adjuvant therapy in NMI bladder tumor. Since angiogenesis is an essential factor in solid tumor progression and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an important factor in angiogenesis, the aim of this study is the assessment of angiogenic factor, VEGF, serum and urine level changes in superficial bladder tumor immunotherapy by intravesical BCG.