Open AccessPeriodontal research: Basics and beyond - Part II (ethical issues, sampling, outcome measures and bias)
Author(s) -
Haritha Avula
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of indian society of periodontology (print)/journal of indian society of periodontology (online)
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.309
H-Index - 28
eISSN - 0975-1580
pISSN - 0972-124X
DOI - 10.4103/0972-124x.119282
Subject(s) - outcome (game theory) , ethical issues , sample (material) , sampling (signal processing) , research design , management science , sample size determination , engineering ethics , sampling bias , psychology , computer science , sociology , social science , engineering , mathematics , statistics , chemistry , mathematical economics , filter (signal processing) , chromatography , computer vision
A good research beginning refers to formulating a well-defined research question, developing a hypothesis and choosing an appropriate study design. The first part of the review series has discussed these issues in depth and this paper intends to throw light on other issues pertaining to the implementation of research. These include the various ethical norms and standards in human experimentation, the eligibility criteria for the participants, sampling methods and sample size calculation, various outcome measures that need to be defined and the biases that can be introduced in research.