Open AccessFanconi anemia presenting as an "evolving" acute leukemia-diagnostic challenges
Author(s) -
Shandip Kumar Sinha,
Manorama Bhargava
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
indian journal of medical and paediatric oncology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.229
H-Index - 22
eISSN - 0975-2129
pISSN - 0971-5851
DOI - 10.4103/0971-5851.125251
Subject(s) - medicine , fanconi anemia , intensive care medicine , anemia , acute leukemia , leukemia , pediatrics , immunology , genetics , dna , dna repair , biology
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous recessive disorder characterized by diverse congenital malformations, progressive pancytopenia and predisposition to both hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. We report, a 14-year-old boy who presented with clinical features of aplastic anemia (AA). Subsequent bone marrow examination and multiparametric flowcytometric immunophenotyping revealed an evolving hypoplastic acute myeloid leukemia. Chromosomal breakage studies using clastogenic agent mitomycin C showed 88% stress induced chromosomal/chromatid breaks, gaps and rearrangements revealing an underlying FA. The case emphasizes upon the role of a systematic clinico-investigative approach in diagnosing such patients who by clinical criteria appear to have idiopathic AA and appear phenotypically normal. A timely and accurate diagnosis becomes vital in these cases to implement appropriate therapy.