Open AccessN-acetyl cysteine versus allopurinol in the prevention of contrast nephropathy in patients with chronic kidney disease: A randomized controlled trial
Author(s) -
Raghavendra Sadineni,
K Raghavendhar Karthik,
G Swarnalatha,
Upasak Das,
Gangadhar Taduri
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
indian journal of nephrology/indian journal of nephrology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.317
H-Index - 24
eISSN - 1998-3662
pISSN - 0971-4065
DOI - 10.4103/0971-4065.194397
Subject(s) - medicine , allopurinol , hyperuricemia , placebo , kidney disease , nephropathy , incidence (geometry) , randomized controlled trial , contrast induced nephropathy , creatinine , renal function , acetylcysteine , uric acid , gastroenterology , surgery , endocrinology , pathology , biochemistry , physics , alternative medicine , chemistry , antioxidant , optics , diabetes mellitus
Contrast media administration can lead to acute deterioration in renal function particularly in patients with pre-existing chronic kidney disease. This prospective, randomized controlled open-label parallel group study was undertaken at Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, from June to December 2015. A total of 95 patients were included, of which 35 received n-acetylcysteine (NAC) + normal saline (NS), 30 patients received allopurinol (ALL) + NS, and 30 patients received placebo. In our study, the overall incidence of CIN was 24%. Incidence of CIN in NAC + NS, ALL + NS, and placebo group were 20%, 16%, and 36%, respectively. The major finding of this study was there was no significant difference between NAC and allopurinol in the prevention of contrast nephropathy. However, only allopurinol was superior to placebo. In our study, hyperuricemia and baseline serum creatinine were the only risk factors associated with CIN.