Open AccessNon-muscle invasive bladder cancer risk stratification
Author(s) -
Sumit Isharwal,
Badrinath R. Konety
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
indian journal of urology/indian journal of urology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.333
H-Index - 30
eISSN - 1998-3824
pISSN - 0970-1591
DOI - 10.4103/0970-1591.166445
Subject(s) - medicine , lymphovascular invasion , bladder cancer , oncology , pathological , carcinoma in situ , risk stratification , tumor progression , cancer , disease , cystectomy , stage (stratigraphy) , lamina propria , pathology , metastasis , paleontology , epithelium , biology
Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) comprises about 70% of all newly diagnosed bladder cancer, and includes tumors with stage Ta, T1 and carcinoma in situ (CIS.) Since, NMIBC patients with progression to muscle-invasive disease tend to have worse prognosis than with patients with primary muscle-invasive disease, there is a need to significantly improve risk stratification and earlier definitive treatment for high-risk NMIBC.