Open AccessPresence of <em>Leptospira</em> sp. and leptospirosis risk factor analysis in Boyolali district, Indonesia
Author(s) -
Yuliani Setyaningsih,
Apoina Kartini,
Nurdin Bahtiar,
Siti Fatimah Pradigdo,
Lintang Dian Saraswati
Publication year - 2022
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.579
H-Index - 13
ISSN - 2279-9028
DOI - 10.4081/jphr.2022.2144
Subject(s) - leptospirosis , leptospira , sanitation , population , veterinary medicine , environmental health , incidence (geometry) , transmission (telecommunications) , medicine , geography , pathology , physics , electrical engineering , optics , engineering
Background: Leptospirosis is a health problem that causes death in Indonesia. In 2017, Boyolali District was reported that the number of leptospirosis cases reached 40.62 per 100,000 population with a CFR of 23.52%. The determination of risk factors and Leptospira bacteria's presence in the body of water plays an essential role in the transmission of leptospirosis.Design and methods: This study aims to determine the risk factors and Leptospira bacteria's presence in water bodies in Boyolali District. This research is descriptive research with a survey method using a cross-sectional design and an analytical study using an observational method with a case-control approach. The sample was 100 water samples from wells, rivers, and paddy fields in endemic and non-endemic areas of leptospirosis. This study's population was 34 people with leptospirosis in Boyolali Regency in January 2017 - August 2018.Results: There was a significant relationship between leptospirosis incidence in the Boyolali Regency with garbage, the pet presence, a history of injuries, and field activity. Leptospira bacteria are found in rivers (18.18%) and rice fields (6.67%), while in sub-districts with cases occur almost every year. Leptospira are found in wells (18.18%) and rice fields (6.67%).Conclusions: People should pay more attention to home sanitation and the surrounding environment to avoid leptospirosis.