Open AccessThe human kidney as a regulator of body cytokine homeostasis
Author(s) -
Alice Bonanni,
Sofia Asioli,
Stefano Saffioti,
Irene Mannucci,
Daniela Verzola,
Pasqua Gramegna,
Laura Cappuccino,
Giacomo Garibotto
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of biological research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.218
H-Index - 6
eISSN - 2284-0230
pISSN - 1826-8838
DOI - 10.4081/jbr.2011.4498
Subject(s) - resistin , proinflammatory cytokine , adipokine , kidney , medicine , kidney disease , myokine , leptin , cytokine , endocrinology , diabetes mellitus , homeostasis , glucose homeostasis , immunology , biology , obesity , insulin resistance , inflammation , skeletal muscle
Evidence is accumulating that the human kidney is a major site for the removal of several cytokines and growth factors, which can accumulate in body pools in patients with acute and chronic kidney disease (CKD). In addition, progressive renal failure and the increase in circulating proinflammatory cytokines are associated with mortality, suggesting that altered cytokines handling by the kidney is associated with worse outcome. Also, the kidney itself may be damaged by signals arising by endothelia and peripheral tissues during the course of the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and obesity. In this paper we provide a review of kidney handling of several adipokines and myokines, with special emphasis to interleukin-6 (IL-6), leptin, resistin and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta)