Open AccessThe present study is an analisis of seroproteins conducted on blood samples of subjects living in mountain communities of the French Western Alps. In particular, the third component of complement (C3), the group specific component (Gc), properdin B factor (Bf), haptoglobin (Hp) and transferrin (Tf) were considered, these being very important markers in human genetics research. The data for these systems are the first results of the biological study of populations of the Western Alps. They add to our otherwise scanty knowledge about the distribution of these polymorphisms in the populations under study. The results were compared with those in the literature on European populations, in order to identify origins and microevolutionary processes, as well as biotransformations related to environmental adaptation.