Open AccessObesity rates in renal stone formers from various countries
Author(s) -
Elenko Popov,
Murtadha Almusafer,
Arben Belba,
Jibril Oyekunle Bello,
Kamran Hassan Bhatti,
Luca Boeri,
Kaloyan Davidoff,
B. M. Zeeshan Hameed,
Adam Haliński,
Ita Pfeferman Heilberg,
Hongyi Hui,
Kremena Petkova,
Rawa Bapir,
Fernanda Guedes Rodrigues,
Iliya Saltirov,
Francisco Rodolfo Spivacow,
Alberto Trinchieri,
Noor Buchholz
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
archivio italiano di urologia andrologia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.429
H-Index - 23
eISSN - 2282-4197
pISSN - 1124-3562
DOI - 10.4081/aiua.2021.2.189
Subject(s) - obesity , demography , china , medicine , body mass index , population , merge (version control) , geography , environmental health , archaeology , sociology , computer science , information retrieval
Objective: To collect evidence on the rate of obesity in renal stone formers (RSFs) living in different climatic areas and consuming different diets. Materials and methods: Data of adult renal stone formers were retrospectively collected by members of U-merge from 13 participant centers in Argentina, Brazil, Bulgaria (2), China, India, Iraq (2), Italy (2), Nigeria, Pakistan and Poland. The following data were collected: age, gender, weight, height, stone analysis and procedure of stone removal. Results: In total, 1689 renal stone formers (1032 males, 657 females) from 10 countries were considered. Average age was 48 (±14) years, male to female ratio was 1.57 (M/F 1032/657), the average body mass index (BMI) was 26.5 (±4.8) kg/m2. The obesity rates of RSFs in different countries were significantly different from each other. The highest rates were observed in Pakistan (50%), Iraq (32%), and Brazil (32%), while the lowest rates were observed in China (2%), Nigeria (3%) and Italy (10%). Intermediate rates were observed in Argentina (17%), Bulgaria (17%), India (15%) and Poland (22%). The age-adjusted obesity rate of RSFs was higher than the age-adjusted obesity rate in the general population in Brazil, India, and Pakistan, whereas it was lower in Argentina, Bulgaria, China, Italy, and Nigeria, and similar in Iraq and Poland. Conclusions: The age-adjusted obesity rate of RSFs was not higher than the age-adjusted obesity rate of the general population in most countries. The relationship between obesity and the risk of kidney stone formation should be reconsidered by further studies carried out in different populations.