Transperitoneal laparoscopic treatment for recurrence of a giant multilocular prostatic cystadenoma: A case report and review of the literature

Giant multilocular prostatic cystadenomas (GMPC) are very rare benign tumors that originate from the prostate with extensive spread into the pelvis. The lesion may present as large abdominal mass causing obstructive voiding dysfunction and usually not invading adjacent structures. All of the previously reported patients with GMPC underwent open surgery. Although the natural history of prostatic cystadenoma remains unknown, complete surgical excision may not always be necessary. We report the case of a 74-year-old male who presented a retrovesical recurrence of prostatic cystoadenoma after 16 years, treated with a laparoscopic approach. To our knowledge this is the first case of laparoscopic management of GMPC. In this article we review the current literature about this rare tumor and discuss the diagnostic and management dilemmas posed by this rare pathologic condition. We believe that physicians should at least be aware of the existence of this disease in the differential diagnosis of pelvic cavity tumours and, considering the benignity of GMPC, they should propose--as first--a minimally invasive approach.