Open AccessIn this article we worry at examine some theoretical-ideological and socioeconomic aspects of public policies and education in Brazil, particularly in the context of recent history. These aspects directly involve the state propositions for social policies. The educational policy, therefore, is understood here as a constituent of social policy. The public policies, directly defined and directed by the State, are understood as the result of theoretical-ideological and socioeconomic mediations and are directly intertwined with the process of social production of wealth and, consequently, its distribution and division. The educational policy, particularly undertaken in Brazil since the 1990s, is the articulation and the consummation of economic forces and hegemonic policies that support the propositions which show strong mainstream of liberal or socio-liberal nature and it defines significantly the development of public policies and national education.