Open AccessComparison between different liquid-liquid and solid phase methods of extraction prior to the identification of the phenolic fraction present in olive oil washing wastewater from the two-phase olive oil extraction system
Author(s) -
S. Jiménez-Herrera,
J.M. Ochando-Pulido,
Antonio Martínez-Férez
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
grasas y aceites
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.384
H-Index - 46
eISSN - 1988-4214
pISSN - 0017-3495
DOI - 10.3989/gya.0225171
Subject(s) - tyrosol , hydroxytyrosol , chemistry , chromatography , extraction (chemistry) , wastewater , ethyl acetate , phenols , solid phase extraction , fraction (chemistry) , supercritical fluid extraction , antioxidant , organic chemistry , polyphenol , waste management , engineering
Phenolic compounds from olive mill wastewater (OMW), are characterized by a strong antioxidant activity. At the same time, they represent an environmental problem because they are difficult to degrade. The purpose of this work was to identify these biologically active compounds in the OMW from two-phase olive oil production in order to convert a polluting residue into a source of natural antioxidants. After optimizing the extraction process of phenolic compounds using liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and solid phase extraction (SPE) methods, it was determined that the most appropriate sequence comprised a previous centrifugation to remove the lipid fraction, followed by liquid extraction with ethyl acetate or SPE. The most important compounds identified in olive oil washing wastewater (OOWW) were tyrosol, hydroxytyrosol and succinic acid; whereas the ones in the wastewater derived from the washing of the olives (OWW) were cresol, catechol, 4-methylcatechol, hydrocinnamic acid and p-hydroxy-hydrocinnamic acid