Sites and communities with Ruscus aculeatus in the southwestern Julian Alps (western Slovenia) / Rastišča in združbe z vrsto Ruscus aculeatus v jugozahodnih Julijskih Alpah (zahodna Slovenija)

We examined the localities and sites of the Mediterranean thermophyte Ruscus aculeatus in the southwestern part of the Julian Alps and confirmed its relatively frequent occurrence in the hilly and submontane belts up to 980 m a.s.l. It occurs predominantly on sunny aspects, gentle to very steep slopes and very stony (rocky) sites, in very different soil types and plant communities of deciduous forests, mainly with predominating tree species of Fraxinus excelsior, Carpinus betulus, Fagus sylvatica and Ostrya carpinifolia. Its northernmost sites known in Slovenia are in pioneer forests on abandoned agricultural areas in Breginjski Kot between Borjana and Sedlo, and on rockslide under the Polovnik ridge (Morizna), and are presumably younger in origin. Given the climate change (warming) in the last decades it is expected to spread further into the mountains (including the Bovec region). Key words: phytosociology, phytogeography, Ruscus aculeatus, Julian Alps, SloveniaSITES OF LOMELOSIA GRAMINIFOLIA (SCABIOSA GRAMINIFOLIA) ON THE NORTHEASTERNMOST KNOWN LOCALITY IN THE ALPS   Izvleček Raziskali smo nahajališča in rastišča toploljubne mediteranske vrste Ruscus aculeatus (bodeča lobodika) v jugozahodnem delu Julijskih Alp in ugotovili njeno razmeroma pogosto uspevanje v gričevnem in podgorskem pasu, vse do nadmorske višine 980 m. Raste večinoma na prisojnih legah, na položnih do zelo strmih in zelo kamnitih (skalnatih) rastiščih, v zelo različnih talnih tipih in rastlinskih združbah listnatih gozdov, predvsem s prevladujočimi drevesnimi vrstami Fraxinus excelsior, Carpinus betulus, Fagus sylvatica in Ostrya carpinifolia. Njena do zdaj najbolj severozahodna nahajališča v Sloveniji, v pionirskih gozdovih na opuščenih kmetijskih površinah v Breginjskem kotu med Borjano in Sedlom in na podornem gradivu pod grebenom Polovnika (Morizna), so domnevno mlajšega izvora. Ob podnebnih spremembah (otoplitvi) zadnjih desetletij lahko pričakujemo njeno širjenje še bolj proti goram (tudi na Bovško). Ključne besede: fitocenologija, fitogeografija, Ruscus aculeatus, Julijske Alpe, Slovenija