Bifocal pyomyositis in a 3-year-old child with eczema: a case report

Pyomyositis is an infection of the skeletal muscles, resulting in a pus-filled abscess. Immunodeficiency of the patient is considered to play an important role in pathogenesis. We report a case of a 3-year-old child, who presented with multifocal pyomyositis in the gastrocnemius muscle, extending to the posterior muscles of the thigh. Even though there was no evidence of immunodeficiency, the presence of atopic eczema in the big toe of the affected limb could interfere with the immune system response, and therefore, could be associated with pyomyositis. The increasing incidence of pyomyositis in non-tropical areas and its severe complications requires an acute clinical awareness.