Open AccessApplying particle swarm optimization based on Padé approximant to solve ordinary differential equation
Author(s) -
Abdulrazzaq T. Abed,
Azzam S. Y. Aladool
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
numerical algebra, control and optimization
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.303
H-Index - 20
eISSN - 2155-3289
pISSN - 2155-3297
DOI - 10.3934/naco.2021008
Subject(s) - mathematics , ode , ordinary differential equation , van der pol oscillator , taylor series , particle swarm optimization , nonlinear system , function (biology) , singularity , fourier series , mathematical analysis , mathematical optimization , differential equation , physics , quantum mechanics , evolutionary biology , biology
Ordinary differential equations are converted into a constrained optimization problems to find their approximate solutions. In this work, an algorithm is proposed by applying particle swarm optimization (PSO) to find an approximate solution of ODEs based on an expansion approximation. Since many cases of linear and nonlinear ODEs have singularity point, Padé approximant which is fractional expansion is employed for more accurate results compare to Fourier and Taylor expansions. The fitness function is obtained by adding the discrete least square weighted function to a penalty function. The proposed algorithm is applied to 13 famous ODEs such as Lane Emden, Emden-Fowler, Riccati, Ivey, Abel, Thomas Fermi, Bernoulli, Bratu, Van der pol, the Troesch problem and other cases. The proposed algorithm offer fast and accurate results compare to the other methods presented in this paper. The results demonstrate the ability of proposed approach to solve linear and nonlinear ODEs with initial or boundary conditions.