Open AccessThe effects of CTL immune response on HIV infection model with potent therapy, latently infected cells and cell-to-cell viral transmission
Author(s) -
Ting Guo,
Zhi Peng Qiu
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
mathematical biosciences and engineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.451
H-Index - 45
eISSN - 1551-0018
pISSN - 1547-1063
DOI - 10.3934/mbe.2019341
Subject(s) - ctl* , immune system , virology , cytotoxic t cell , biology , viral load , immunology , basic reproduction number , virus , t cell , medicine , cd8 , population , in vitro , genetics , environmental health
In this paper, a mathematical model is formulated to investigate the effect of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) immune response on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection dynamics. The model includes latently infected cells, antiretroviral therapy, cell-free virus infection and cell-to- cell viral transmission. By constructing Lyapunov functionals, the global stability of three equilibria is obtained. More specifically, the infection-free equilibrium $E_{f}$ is globally asymptotically stable when the basic reproductive numbers $\mathcal{R}_{0}<1 implying="" that="" the="" virus="" can="" be="" eventually="" cleared="" the="" infected="" equilibrium="" without="" immune="" response="" e_="" w="" is="" globally="" asymptotically="" stable="" when="" the="" ctl="" immune="" response="" reproduction="" number="" mathcal="" r="" _="" 1="" is="" less="" than="" one="" and="" mathcal="" r="" _="" 0="" is="" greater="" than="" one="" implying="" that="" the="" infection="" becomes="" chronic="" but="" ctl="" immune="" response="" has="" not="" been="" established="" the="" infected="" equilibrium="" with="" immune="" response="" e_="" c="" is="" globally="" asymptotically="" stable="" when="" mathcal="" r="" _="" 1="">1$, implying that the infection becomes chronic with persistent CTL immune response. Numerical simulations confirm the above theoretical results. Moreover, the inclusion of CTL immune response can generate a higher level of uninfected CD4+ T cells, and significantly reduce infected cells and viral load. These results may help to improve the understanding of HIV infection dynamics.