Open AccessCrosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis induced by camphor in Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Author(s) -
Hızlan Hıncal Ağuş,
Sedanur Yilmaz,
Cansın Ogeday Şengöz
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
turkish journal of biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.323
H-Index - 38
eISSN - 1303-6092
pISSN - 1300-0152
DOI - 10.3906/biy-1908-11
Subject(s) - schizosaccharomyces pombe , autophagy , biology , apoptosis , camphor , programmed cell death , microbiology and biotechnology , atg8 , schizosaccharomyces , acridine orange , saccharomyces cerevisiae , yeast , chemistry , biochemistry , organic chemistry
Camphor is widely used in pharmacy, the food industry, and cosmetics. In this study, we evaluate inhibitory and cytotoxic effects of camphor in the fission yeast ( Schizosaccharomyces pombe ), which presents a unicellular model in mechanistic toxicology and cell biology. Low-dose camphor exposure (0.4 mg/mL) activated autophagy, which was shown by GFP-Atg8 dots and transcriptional upregulation of Atg6 (Beclin-1 ortholog). Autophagy was also confirmed by using autophagy-deficient cells, which showed reduction in GFP-Atg8 dot formation. However, high-dose camphor exposure (0.8 mg/mL) caused dramatic cell death ratios, demonstrated by spot and colony-forming assays, even in autophagy-deficient cells. To unravel the underlying mechanism, this time, apoptosis-deficient cells were exposed to low- and high-dose camphor. Apoptosis was also confirmed by acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining. Among yeast apoptosis mediators, Aif1 was found to mediate camphor-induced cell death. In conclusion, differential regulation of autophagy and apoptosis, and switches between them, were found to be dose-dependent. The potential effects of camphor on autophagy and apoptotic cell death and underlying mechanisms were clarified in basic unicellular eukaryotic model, S. pombe .