Open AccessRisk factors for poor outcome of patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Albania
Author(s) -
Ergys Ramosaço,
Entela Kolovani,
N. Çomo,
Nevila Gjermeni,
Vjollca Shpata,
Dhimitër Kraja
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of infection in developing countries
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.322
H-Index - 49
eISSN - 2036-6590
pISSN - 1972-2680
DOI - 10.3855/jidc.14592
Subject(s) - covid-19 , coronavirus , medicine , virology , disease , pandemic , betacoronavirus , coronavirus infections , infectious disease (medical specialty) , outbreak
The study aims to identify potential risk factors for the poor outcome of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Albania.
Methodology: A retrospective observational study on 133 consecutive hospitalized patients at “COVID 1” Hospital, University Hospital Center of Tirana. The study analyzed the correlation between potential risk factors and in-hospital mortality.
Results: The study included 133 patients, 65.4% of the patients were male, age 60.46 ± 13.53 years. The mortality rate resulted in 22.6%. Univariate analysis revealed that early risk factors for mortality included: laboratory alterations on admission, such as lymphocytes count 250 U/L (OR = 12.48, 95% CI = 1.62-95.78) and D dimer > 2 mg/L (OR = 4.72, 95% CI = 1.96-11.36); lung parenchymal involvement > 75% on chest computed tomography on admission (OR = 54.00, 95% CI = 11.89 – 245.11). Cox proportional hazard regression showed that independent risk factors for mortality were lung parenchymal involvement > 75% on chest computed tomography (HR = 8.31, 95%CI: 1.62-42.45) and occurrence of complications during hospital stay (OR = 10.28, 95% CI = 2.02-52.33).
Conclusions: The risk of poor outcome can be predicted from the early stage of COVID 19 disease, using laboratory data and chest computed tomography. Among patients with COVID 19, lung parenchymal involvement and alterations > 75% on chest computed tomography on admission and laboratory findings, such as lymphocytopenia, and elevated lactate dehydrogenase and D dimer levels, turned out to be early risk factors for in-hospital mortality.