Open AccessSEISMIC VULNERABILITY OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BRIDGES IN PAKISTAN
Author(s) -
Muhammad Khalid Hafiz,
Qaiser uz Zaman Khan,
Sohaib Ahmad
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
journal of civil engineering and management
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1822-3605
pISSN - 1392-3730
DOI - 10.3846/jcem.2022.15854
Subject(s) - seismic hazard , seismic zone , pier , retrofitting , bridge (graph theory) , vulnerability (computing) , seismic retrofit , reinforced concrete , structural engineering , macro , seismic risk , engineering , vulnerability assessment , incremental dynamic analysis , earthquake scenario , civil engineering , geology , seismic analysis , induced seismicity , computer science , medicine , psychology , computer security , psychological resilience , psychotherapist , programming language
Different researchers have performed seismic hazard assessment studies for Pakistan using faults sources which differ from Building Code of Pakistan (BCP 2007) with diverse standard deviations. The results of seismic hazard studies indicate that BCP requires gross revision considering micro and macro level investigations. The recent earthquakes in Pakistan also damaged bridge structures and some studies have been conducted by different researchers to investigate capacity of existing bridges.The most of bridge stock in Pakistan has been designed assuming seismic loads as 2%, 4% and 6% of dead loads following West Pakistan Code of Practice for Highway Bridges. The capacity of eight selected real bridges, two from each seismic zone 2A, 2B, 3 & 4 is checked against BCP demands. Static and dynamic analyses were performed and the piers were checked for elastic limits. It is established that piers are on lower side in capacity and the bridges in zone 2A are generally less vulnerable. Whereas the bridges in zone 2B, 3 and 4 are vulnerable from medium to very high level. Hence, an in-depth analytical vulnerability study of bridge stock particularly in high-risk zone needs to be conducted on priority and appropriate seismic retrofitting schemes need to be proposed.