Open AccessOptimization of Reaction Typed Water Turbine in Very Low Head Water Resources for Pico Hydro
Author(s) -
Mohd Farriz Basar,
Nurul Ashikin Mohd Rais,
Azrul Azwan Abdul Rahman,
Wan Azani Mustafa,
Kamaruzzaman Sopian,
Kaifui V. Wong
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of advanced research in fluid mechanics and thermal sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.247
H-Index - 13
ISSN - 2289-7879
DOI - 10.37934/arfmts.90.1.2339
Subject(s) - nozzle , turbine , water turbine , head (geology) , rotational speed , turbine blade , specific speed , water flow , flow (mathematics) , materials science , power (physics) , mechanics , volumetric flow rate , mechanical engineering , environmental science , marine engineering , engineering , physics , geology , thermodynamics , environmental engineering , centrifugal pump , geomorphology , impeller
The purpose of this research is to investigate the dominant parameters that influence the optimum performance of reaction typed turbine at very low water head. The concepts of conservation of mass, momentum and energy are utilised to explore performance characteristics using a graphical technique. Parametric analysis of the governing equation and experimental results were performed to show that the turbine diameter and nozzle exit area has a dynamic response to mass flow rate, angular speed, output power and efficiency. Depending on the nozzle diameter of (0.01 m, 0.006 m, and 0.008 m) and turbine pipe size with (diameter of 0.025 m and 0.015 m), six versions of prototype turbine Z-blade turbine were produced. All the turbines have been tested at 100 kPa static water pressures and below. According to a variety of experimental data for all types of turbines, the turbine diameter and nozzle exit area have a substantial impact on turbine performance, especially at high water heads. Despite differences in turbine length and nozzle exit area, more than 90 % of the pattern curves for rotational speed, water flow rate, and mechanical power were identical. Overall, the Z-blade turbine Type B outperforms, resulting in higher turbine efficiency at low head and low flow water condition.