RISK FACTORS FOR PERIODONTAL DISEASE- A REVIEW

A probability or threat of damage, injury, liability, loss, or any other negative occurrence that is caused by external or internal vulnerabilities, and that may be avoided through pre- emptive action is called as risk. This article explains about the evidence on the potential role of modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors associated with periodontal disease. It is important to understand the etiological factors and the pathogenesis of periodontal disease to recognize and appreciate the associated risk factors. As periodontal disease is multifactorial, effective disease management requires a clear understanding of all the associated risk factors. The local factors include pre-existing disease as evidenced by deep probing depths and plaque retention areas associated with defective restorations. Systemic risk factors recently have been identified by large epidemiologic studies using multifactorial statistical analyses to correct for confounding or associated co-risk factors. The study of risk in periodontal disease is a rapidly emerging field and much is yet to be learned. KEYWORDS: Periodontal disease, risk factors, host response, risk assessment