Open AccessExtensively Drug Resistant Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhi Misdiagnosis In Pakistan: A Matter Of Serious Concern
Author(s) -
Umar Saeed,
Sara Rizwan Uppal,
Zahra Zahid Piracha,
Rizwan Uppal
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
the american journal of medical sciences and pharmaceutical research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2689-1026
DOI - 10.37547/tajmspr/volume03issue09-06
Subject(s) - typhoid fever , salmonella typhi , medicine , salmonella enterica , serotype , widal test , virology , serology , outbreak , salmonella , microbiology and biotechnology , antibody , immunology , biology , bacteria , escherichia coli , biochemistry , genetics , gene
There have been several outbreaks of antimicrobial resistant (AMR) strains of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi that cause extensively drug resistant (XDR) typhoid fever in Pakistan. It has been observed that many clinicians use serological diagnostic tests such as Widal agglutination, and TyphiDOT that detects IgM and IgG antibodies against the outer membrane protein of S. Typhi. However, it has been confirmed by many scientists that these test may lead to misdiagnosis against XDR S. Typhi. Due to lack of implementation strategies health authorities are unable to hamper Widal or TyphiDOT tests which are still practiced in many rural and urban areas.