Open AccessEvaluation of preoperative staging for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Author(s) -
Lin Luo,
Liangmei He,
Xu Gao,
Xin Huang,
Hong Shan,
Guangyu Luo,
Yin Li,
Shi Yong Lin,
Guo Bao Wang,
Zhang Rong,
Guo Liang Xu,
Jian Jun Li
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
world journal of gastroenterology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.427
H-Index - 155
eISSN - 2219-2840
pISSN - 1007-9327
DOI - 10.3748/wjg.v22.i29.6683
Subject(s) - medicine , magnetic resonance imaging , radiology , stage (stratigraphy) , endoscopic ultrasound , esophageal squamous cell carcinoma , positron emission tomography , cancer staging , carcinoma , cancer , paleontology , biology
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is known for its rapid progression and poor outcomes. China has the highest incidence and mortality in the world. Diagnoses made at early stages and accurate staging are associated with better outcomes, all of which can play a significant role in the selection of treatment protocols. ESCC is staged according to the widely accepted TNM system. Common imaging modalities used in staging ESCC before treatment include endoscopy, computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Endoscopic ultrasound is useful for staging tumor depth and nodal status. Narrow band imaging is valuable for early stage disease assessment. CT and PET provide additional valuable information regarding node and metastasis staging. The ability of MRI to delineate ESCC is continuously being improved and adds information regarding locoregional status to routine examinations.