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The molecular genetic basis of plant adaptation
Author(s) -
Ehrenreich Ian M.,
Purugganan Michael D.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
american journal of botany
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.218
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1537-2197
pISSN - 0002-9122
DOI - 10.3732/ajb.93.7.953
Subject(s) - biology , quantitative trait locus , adaptation (eye) , family based qtl mapping , selection (genetic algorithm) , natural selection , linkage disequilibrium , gene , computational biology , association mapping , candidate gene , genetics , gene mapping , evolutionary biology , allele , single nucleotide polymorphism , machine learning , haplotype , computer science , chromosome , neuroscience , genotype
How natural selection on adaptive traits is filtered to the genetic level remains largely unknown. Theory and quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping have provided insights into the number and effect of genes underlying adaptations, but these results have been hampered by questions of applicability to real biological systems and poor resolution, respectively. Advances in molecular technologies have expedited the cloning of adaptive genes through both forward and reverse genetic approaches. Forward approaches start with adaptive traits and attempt to characterize their underlying genetic architectures through linkage disequilibrium mapping, QTL mapping, and other methods. Reverse screens search large sequence data sets for genes that possess the signature of selection. Though both approaches have been successful in identifying adaptive genes in plants, very few, if any, of these adaptations' molecular bases have been fully resolved. The continued isolation of plant adaptive genes will lead to a more comprehensive understanding of natural selection's effect on genes and genomes.