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Duplication of floral regulatory genes in the Lamiales
Author(s) -
Aagaard Jan E.,
Olmstead Richard G.,
Willis John H.,
Phillips Patrick C.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
american journal of botany
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.218
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1537-2197
pISSN - 0002-9122
DOI - 10.3732/ajb.92.8.1284
Subject(s) - biology , gene duplication , antirrhinum majus , lineage (genetic) , evolutionary biology , gene , phylogenetic tree , genome , genetics
Duplication of some floral regulatory genes has occurred repeatedly in angiosperms, whereas others are thought to be single‐copy in most lineages. We selected three genes that interact in a pathway regulating floral development conserved among higher tricolpates ( LFY / FLO, UFO / FIM, and AP3 / DEF ) and screened for copy number among families of Lamiales that are closely related to the model species Antirrhinum majus . We show that two of three genes have duplicated at least twice in the Lamiales. Phylogenetic analyses of paralogs suggest that an ancient whole genome duplication shared among many families of Lamiales occurred after the ancestor of these families diverged from the lineage leading to Veronicaceae (including the single‐copy species A. majus ). Duplication is consistent with previous patterns among angiosperm lineages for AP3 / DEF, but this is the first report of functional duplicate copies of LFY / FLO outside of tetraploid species. We propose Lamiales taxa will be good models for understanding mechanisms of duplicate gene preservation and how floral regulatory genes may contribute to morphological diversity.