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Decaploidy in Fragaria iturupensis (Rosaceae)
Author(s) -
Hummer Kim E.,
Nathewet Preeda,
Yanagi Tomohiro
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
american journal of botany
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.218
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1537-2197
pISSN - 0002-9122
DOI - 10.3732/ajb.0800285
Subject(s) - biology , fragaria , ploidy , rosaceae , botany , genus , chromosome number , chromosome , karyotype , gene , genetics
The strawberry genus, Fragaria (Rosaceae), has a base chromosome number of x = 7. Cultivated strawberries ( F . × ananassa nothosubsp. ananassa ) are octoploid (2 n = 8 x = 56) and first hybridized from F. chiloensis subsp. chiloensis forma chiloensis × F. virginiana subsp. virginiana . Europe has no known native octoploid species, and only one Asian octoploid species has been reported: F. iturupensis , from Iturup Island. Our objective was to examine the chromosomes of F. iturupensis . Ploidy levels of wild strawberry species, include diploid (2 n = 2 x = 14), tetraploid (2 n = 4 x = 28), pentaploid (2 n = 5 x = 35), hexaploid (2 n = 6 x = 42), octoploid (2 n = 8 x = 56), and nonaploid (2 n = 9 x = 63). Artificial triploid (2 n = 3 x = 21), tetraploid, pentaploid, octoploid, decaploid (2 n = 10 x = 70), 16‐ploid, and 32‐ploid plants have been constructed and cultivated. Surprisingly, chromosome counts and flow cytometry revealed that F. iturupensis includes natural decaploid genotypes with 2 n = 10 x = 70 chromosomes. This report is the first of a naturally occurring decaploid strawberry species. Further research on F. iturupensis and exploration on northern Pacific islands is warranted to ascertain the phylogeny and development of American octoploid species.