Open AccessOutcomes of Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia Who Relapse After 5 Years of Complete Remission
Author(s) -
Arisha Patel,
Mounzer Agha,
Anastasios Raptis,
JingZhou Hou,
Rafic Farah,
Robert L. Redner,
Annie Im,
Kathleen A. Dorritie,
Alison R. Sehgal,
James M. Rossetti,
Melissa Saul,
Daniel P. Normolle,
Konstantinos Lontos,
Michael Boyiadzis
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
oncology research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.267
H-Index - 57
eISSN - 1555-3906
pISSN - 0965-0407
DOI - 10.3727/096504020x15965357399750
Subject(s) - medicine , myeloid leukemia , chemotherapy , transplantation , confidence interval , leukemia , cohort , surgery , oncology
Leukemia relapse 5 years after achieving first complete remission (CR1) is uncommon in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In this study, we evaluated the outcomes of AML patients with late relapse at our institution and reviewed the literature for these patients. The study cohort consisted of nine AML patients with late relapse. The median interval between CR1 and AML relapse was 6.1 years (range: 5.116.2 years). At relapse, the karyotype was different from the initial AML diagnosis in 50% of patients. At the time of AML relapse, seven patients received induction chemotherapy and two patients received hypomethylating agents with an overall CR rate of 66%. The median time to relapse after achieving second CR (CR2) was 16.5 months [95% confidence interval (CI): 9.4, NA]. The median overall survival after first relapse was 28.6 months (95% CI: 7.3, 3.466.5 months). Despite initial CR after reinduction therapy, relapse rates are still high, suggesting that alternative strategies for postremission therapies are warranted in CR2. These approaches include the use of allogeneic hematogenic cell transplantation and the use of newly approved AML agents as maintenance therapy in nontransplant eligible patients.