Open Access
Raja Haji Yahya in the History of 20th Century Malay Literature
Author(s) -
Jelani Harun
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
malay literature/malay literature
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2682-8030
pISSN - 0128-1186
DOI - 10.37052/ml.28(1)no2
Subject(s) - malay , raja , folklore , history , folkloristics , descendant , ancient history , art , literature , philosophy , paleontology , linguistics , physics , astronomy , biology
Very little is known about the role of courtiers in the tradition of the Malay lipur lara (folklore) although the probability of them playing a role is hardly deniable. One such courtier is Raja Haji Yahya who lived in Chenderiang, Perak. Aside from producing works on the genealogy and history of the rulers of Perak, Raja Haji Yahya too was known to serve as penghulu (headman), pawang istana (royal medicine man), collector of folklore, and poet. In addition, he was well-acquainted with a prominent penglipur lara (folklorist) in Perak named Pawang Ana. This article aims to trace the life story of Raja Haji Yahya and discuss his contribution to the history of Malay literature in Perak. The study is based on several works of Raja Haji Yahya that have been found and also on information gathered from his next-of-kin who are still around today. The last part of the article puts forward a number of conclusions about the status of Raja Haji Yahya as a courtier who was blessed with deep insights into the literature and socio-cultural life of the Malays such that he deserves to be acknowledged as one of the leading lights in the history of Malay literature of 20th century Perak. Keywords: Raja Haji Yahya, history of Malay literature, Pawang Ana, folklorist, Perak Abstrak Kewujudan “orang istana” dalam tradisi lipur lara Melayu masih belum banyak diketahui walaupun beberapa kemungkinan tentang peranan mereka sememangnya ada. Salah seorang “orang istana” yang dimaksudkan ialah Raja Haji Yahya yang tinggal di Chenderiang, Perak. Di samping menghasilkan penulisan tentang salasilah dan sejarah raja-raja Perak, Raja Haji Yahya juga pernah berkhidmat sebagai penghulu, pawang istana, pengumpul cerita rakyat, pengarang syair, dan mempunyai hubungan dengan tokoh penglipur lara di negeri Perak yang bernama Pawang Ana. Makalah ini bertujuan mengesan sejarah hidup Raja Haji Yahya dan membicarakan sumbangannya dalam sejarah kesusasteraan Melayu di negeri Perak. Kajian ini berasaskan beberapa contoh hasil karya Raja Haji Yahya yang telah ditemui dan juga maklumat yang diperoleh daripada waris keturunannya yang masih ada pada hari ini. Beberapa kesimpulan dibuat tentang kedudukan Raja Haji Yahya selaku “orang istana”, yang mempunyai pelbagai kearifan tentang sastera dan sosiobudaya kehidupan masyarakat Melayu, sehingga beliau diangkat sebagai salah seorang tokoh penting dalam sejarah kesusasteraan Melayu di Negeri Perak pada abad ke-20 yang lalu. Kata kunci: Raja Haji Yahya, sejarah kesusasteraan Melayu, Pawang Ana, Penglipur lara, Perak