SKRINING FITOKIMIA DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL KERNEL BIJI BUAH BACANG (Mangifera foetida L.) TERHADAP Escherichia coli PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIBACTERIA ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF BACANG (Mangifera foetida L.) SEEDS AGAINST Escherichia coli

Mangifera foetida L. merupakan kerabat Mangifera indica dari genus Mangifera yang diduga memiliki kandungan matabolit sekunder dan efek farmakologis yang hampir sama. Kernel biji buah Mangifera indica dilaporkan memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Escherichia coli. Berdasarkan pendekatan taksomi maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan metabolit sekunder dan aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol 96% kernel biji buah Mangifera foetida L. terhadap Escherichia coli. Skrining fitokimia dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji tabung. Uji aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi agar sumuran. Kandungan metabolit sekunder yang terdapat pada ekstrak etanol 96% kernel biji buah Mangifera foetida L. yaitu flavonoid, tanin, polifenol, monoterpen, seskuiterpen, dan kuinon. Hasil pengujian aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak kernel biji buah Mangifera foetida Lour terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli pada beberapa konsentrasi secara berturut-turut 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60% 70%, 90% dan 100% menghasilkan diameter secara berturut-turut (10,2, 12,03, 14,55, 16,15, 17,18, 18,60, 19,10, 20,20, 21,12) mm yang ditandai dengan terbentuknya zona bening (bersifat bakterisid). Berdasarkan data tersebut maka Kernel Biji Buah Mangifera foetida dinyatakan memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Kata Kunci; Skrining Fitokimia, Kernel Biji Buah, Mangifera foetida, Antibakteri, Escherichia coli. ABSTRACT Mangifera foetida and Mangifera indica L. are relatives of the genus Mangifera which allegedly contains matabolit secondary with pharmacological effects are almost the same. Mangifera indica seeds are reported to have antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli. Based on scientific classification approach, the study aims to determine the content of secondary metabolites and the antibacterial activity of extract ethanolic 96% Mangifera foetida L. seeds against Escherichia coli. Phytochemical screening is done by using a test tube method. Antibacterial activity test using agar well diffusion method. The content of secondary metabolites found in Ethanolic extract 96 % of the seed Mangifera foetida L. are flavonoids, tannins, polyphenols, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and Quinones. The Results of testing the extracts for antibacterial activity of Mangifera foetida Lour seeds against Escherichia coli bacteria at some concentrations of respectively 10 % , 20 % , 30 % , 40 % , 50 % , 60 % 70 %, 90 % and 100 % have produced diameter in respectively (10.2, 12.03, 14.55, 16:15, 17:18, 18.60, 19:10, 20:20, 21:12) mm, are Characterized by the formation of a clear zone (bakterisid). Based on of these data, the seed of Mangifera foetida fruits stated to have antibacterial activity. Key Word: Phytochemical Screening, Seed of Mangifera foetida Fruit, Antibacteria, Escherichia coli