O MARCO CIVIL DA INTERNET NO BRASIL: DIREITOS, DEVERES E PROGRAMAS

O artigo objetiva analisar a Lei n 12.965/2014, que disciplinou o uso da Internet no Brasil. Com base na interpretao de seus dispositivos, na reviso da literatura e na observao da jurisprudncia, o estudo centra-se em trs aspectos do denominado marco civil da Internet: os direitos garantidos, os deveres institudos e os programas almejados. Quanto aos direitos, o foco est nos usurios, traando um panorama geral e abordando especificamente as dvidas quanto inviolabilidade das comunicaes via Internet face s disposies constitucionais pertinentes. Quanto aos deveres, os objetos so a manuteno dos registros pelos servidores e sua responsabilizao civil, estabelecendo-se comparao com o quadro jurisprudencial anterior ao diploma legal. Finalmente, quanto aos programas, o cerne da discusso o desejado sopesamento legislativo de princpios constitucionais, com o debate sobre a prevalncia da liberdade de expresso. Na concluso, destacam-se a boa hora em que veio a legislao e sua feitura no melhor espao para regulaes desse tipo, o Parlamento. Sem prejuzo, so apresentadas as preocupaes quanto a possveis restries de direitos, quanto a formas de fiscalizao do cumprimento dos deveres e quanto necessria densificao de contedos das normas ainda abertas do diploma. Palavras-chave: Internet. Marco civil. Brasil Abstract: The article analyzes the Law No. 12.965/2014, which regulates the use of the Internet in Brazil. Based on the interpretation of its provisions, the literature review, and observation of jurisprudence, the study focuses on three aspects of the called civil rights framework for Internet: guaranteed rights, imposed obligations and targeted programs. With regard to rights, the focus is on users, tracing an overview and specifically addressing questions concerning the inviolability of Internet communications under the related constitutional provisions. With respect to obligations, the objects are the maintenance of records by servers and their civil liability, comparing the new law and the previous jurisprudential framework. Finally, regarding the programs, the core of the discussion is the desired legislative assessment of constitutional principles, paying attention to the debate over the prevalence of freedom of expression. In conclusion, the highlights are the good time of the legislation and the fact that it was made in the best space for such regulations, the Parliament. Notwithstanding, the article presents concerns about possible restrictions of rights, forms of the enforcement of obligations and required densification of the contents of the law. Keywords: Internet. Civil Rights Framework. Brazil.