Biochemical changes in affected potato tubers

Goal. To establish biochemical changes (contents of dry matter, vitamin C, starch and carotene) in potato tubers in different degree affected by fungal diseases. Methods. Potato tubers (variety Bella Rosa) was selected in the conditions of private sector, Brusilovsky district, Zhytomyr region. Diagnosed disease by the visual method and a microscopic analysis with the subsequent identification of the pathogens. Biochemical analysis of potato tubers on dry matter content, vitamin C, starch, and carotene were performed according to standard techniques of the Institute of potato NAAS. The results of the research. The result of phytopathological examination of potato tubers during storage revealed fungal diseases: rot, Fusarium dry, Pomona, white, grey and verticillata; scab — plain and black or black scurf. Is established, that biochemical parameters in potatoes with different degree of damage differed. The amount of solids in healthy potato tubers were 21.0% in severely infected by Fusarium 14.5%, and famosa 13.9% and the usual scab — 18.2%; the blight of 15.6%. Starch in healthy tubers was 15.4% strongly struck by Fusarium is 7.5%, famosa — 6.9%, the usual scab — 11.2%, a Rhizoctonia — 9.8%. The content of vitamin C in healthy tubers was 0.17 percent, and in severe cases, Fusarium and 0.12%, famosa — 0.12%, ordinary scab and 0.12%, a Rhizoctonia — 0.12%. Biochemical indicators of carotene in healthy tubers was 0.18%, and in severely infected by Fusarium was reduced to 0.09%, famosa up to 0.06%, the usual scab — up to 0.11%, a Rhizoctonia — up to 0.10%. Conclusions. In potato tubers with different degrees of lesions of fungal diseases of reduced the content of dry matter, starch, vitamin C and carotene, which worsens their quality.