The potato protection from major pests and diseases

Goal. To study the effectiveness of pesticides in protecting potato plantations from major pests and diseases. Methods. Comparative, analytical and field. Results. The data of technical and economic efficiency of pesticides against the main pests and diseases of potatoes are given. It was noted that the most effective against the complex of pests were drugs from the group of neocotinoids, and against diseases — fungicides of systemic and systemic contact action of various classes of chemical compounds. Conclusions. The most common potato diseases during the growing season of the crop were Alternaria and blight, the development of which in 2016—2017. amounted to 12.6—36.4% and 10.6—48.6%, respectively. Two spraying of potatoes with fungicides ensured technical effectiveness against Alternaria — 26.4—64.8%, against late blight — 24.3—53.9%. The main disease of potato tubers in 2017—2018 there was a common scab, the proportion of which in the control was 15.6%, and in the variants with the use of disinfectants — 5.4—8.6% of the total mass of the infected tubers. Dry Fusarium rot in the variants of the experiment was 2.5—2.8%, in the control — 9.3%. The number of bastards damaged by wireworms in the control was 7.2%, in the variants with the use of insecticidal and insecticidal and fungicidal disinfectants — 1.0—2.2%. It was established that the treatment of tubers with insecticidal and insecticide antifungal preparations against the Colorado potato beetle was effective for 40—50 days after planting potatoes, and further it is necessary to additionally spray it with insecticide.