Maternal and Perinatal Outcome in Placenta Previa: One Year Study in Enam Medical College Hospital

Placenta previa is a key risk factor for obstetric hemorrhage particularly occurs in women with a previous uterine scar. It can be defined as an embedding of the placenta in the lower uterine segment, overlying or approaching the internal cervical os. One-third of all cases of APH caused due to placenta previa. Aim of the study: To assess the maternal complications and perinatal outcomes of patients with placenta previa by analyzing its obstetrical factors. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional observational study conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynae, in Enam Medical College and Hospital, Savar, Bangladesh. The study was conducted for the duration of 1 year between January 21 to December 21. The sample size for this study was 109. Result: The most respondents 81(74.3%) were from the age group 25-29 years, 17(16%) were booked and 92(84%) were unbooked. 27(25%) were primi and 82(75%) were multi-para. Pain abdomen was present in only 2(1.8%) cases and absent in most 107(98.2%) cases. LSCS was done in 79(72%) patients and vaginal delivery was done in 30(28%) cases. Type 2b in most of the cases 50(45.9%). Blood transfusion was needed in 20(18.3%) and post hemorrhage was seen in 12(11%). APGAR at birth was 8-10 in 69(63.35) cases, 5-7 in 27(24.8%) cases and <5 in 13(11.9%) cases. Conclusion: Placenta previa is the main cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Maternal and fetal outcome can be improved by regular antenatal check-up, early diagnosis of case. Management should be done in tertiary care center with neonatal management facility.