Orbital Cellulitis Revealing a Craniofacial Fibrous Dysplasia

Fibrous bone dysplasia (FOD) is a benign, rare, congenital condition, underestimated because it is often asymptomatic, and of unknown cause. It is a disease in which normal bone is replaced by fibro-osseous tissue resulting in deforming bone lesions. The disease is most often monostotic, much more rarely polyostotic. We report an observation of a 10-year-old female patient who presented with a painful periorbital swelling initially labeled as orbital cellulitis. Orbital CT confirmed bilateral orbital cellulitis but also made the diagnosis of craniofacial fibrous dysplasia on the bony windows. The patient was managed by oral antibiotic therapy with incision and drainage of the orbital cellulitis.