Integration of Historical Images–Reconstructions into the Infrastructure of the Recreated Fortification Complexes (On the Example of the Abalak Field Festival)

Цель исследования – выявление потенциала интеграции исторических образов-реконструкций в инфраструктуру воссозданного объекта оборонного зодчества на примере фестиваля «Абалакское поле» (Тюменская область). Привлечены фактографические данные и фотоматериалы,выявленные в сети Интернет, результаты научных изысканий историков архитектуры, культурологов и искусствоведов, связанные с проблематикой исторической реконструкции объектов архитектуры и архитектурно-исторической среды. Исследована инфраструктура комплекса «Абалакская крепость», выделены ее локусы (компоненты), определены исторические образы-реконструкции, связанные с каждым из них, выявлены пути интеграции этих образов в архитектурную среду воссозданной крепости. Установлено, что локусы инфраструктуры, формы историко-культурной реконструкции, использованные в них, и образы-реконструкции, интегрированные в фестивальное действо, образуют три сферы, от оптимального сочетания которых зависит успех фестиваля реконструкции. The aim of the study is to identify the potential for the integration of historical images–reconstructions into the infrastructure of a recreated object of defense architecture using the example of the Abalak Field Festival (Tyumen Oblast). This festival has been held in the vicinity of Tobolsk since 2009 and annually attracts up to 20 thousand participants fond of historical reconstruction. The author involved factual data and photographic materials found on the Internet, the results of scientific research by architectural historians, cultural experts and art historians related to the problems of historical reconstruction of architectural objects and the architectural and historical environment. The use of an integrative-infrastructural approach has been substantiated; it involves the application of methods of visual-figurative analysis of photo and video documents. Through this analysis, associative information is extracted from visual sources, which then serves as one of the resources for obtaining innovative theoretical results. The study of the infrastructure of the Abalak Fortress complex made it possible to identify its loci, that is, the components of the infrastructure of the reconstructed fortification complex focused on individual fragments of historical memory and its actualization. On the basis of these loci, by the method of visual-figurative analysis, the historical images–reconstructions associated with them were determined and the ways of their integration into the architectural environment of the reconstructed fortress were identified. It has been established that the infrastructure loci, the forms of historical and cultural reconstruction distributed over them, and the images–reconstructions included in the festival action form three spheres; and the success of the festival of historical reconstruction depends on their optimal combination. The following components of the infrastructure of the Abalak Fortress have been identified: a space for guard; a space for dwelling, celebrations and feasts; a tiltyard (place for fights); a space for fairs, craft workshops; a space for recreation and entertainment. The algorithm of the sequence of images–reconstructions associated with the Abalak Fortress is determined. These images, integrated into six loci, generally characterize the architectural ensemble of the fortress, give visitors, tourists, participants in festivals of historical reconstruction a visual and figurative understanding of the past in its various manifestations, help to assimilate folk traditions and recreate them in various forms in any historical territories.