Open AccessLevel of relics in high-mountain flora of isolated Fisht-Oshten Massif and Chernomorskaya Chain
Author(s) -
Ilja N. Timukhin,
Boris S. Tuniyev
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
sbornik naučnyh trudov
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 0201-7997
DOI - 10.36305/2019-2-151-21-29
Subject(s) - massif , holocene , glacial period , flora (microbiology) , pleistocene , last glacial maximum , sea level , geography , geology , ecology , archaeology , paleontology , physical geography , biology , bacteria
For the first time the level of relics of the high-mountain flora of the northwestern edge of the highlands of the Caucasus has been established. The Fisht-Oshten Massif and the Black Sea Chain have a uniquely high level of relics - 51.0% (617 species), with a predominance of Tertiary-relic species - Rt - 41.2% (498 species). The second largest representation is a group of Holocene relics - Rx - 7.3% (88 species), the minimum represented Pleistocene relics - Rg - 2.5% (31 species). The relic level of alpine species is one of the highest in the Caucasus and is 52.8% (338 species). Alpine species also have predominance of Pliocene relics - 46.7% (299 species), the number of glacial relics is 2.5% (16 species), the share of xerothermic relics - 3.6% (23 species). In the preservation of relic species revealed general trends, depending on the remoteness of local flora from the main diaspora on the Fisht-Oshten Massif and the modern area of the meadow belt. These trends persist in Tertiary relics, while other patterns are observed for glacial and Holocene relics. The number of glacial relics fades to the west, most clearly it can be seen in alpine species. The number of Holocene relics as much as possible on the edge areas (Fisht-Oshten Massif and Mt. Semashkho) and minimally on the central peaks of the Black Sea Chain, where the Holocene expansion of xerophyte plants was insignificant.