Seamless Communication Network for Enhanced Performance in Tunnel Based High Speed Trains using Q-Leach and Fodpso Algorithm

Wireless Communication on Train (WCT) is being followed in urban railways around the world to enhance the railway network efficiency, safety, and capacity which are mainly carried in high speed trains and underground tunnels. It is mainly used in underground tunnels where there is a large amount of reflections, scattering and barriers are severely affecting the propagation performance. The researchers have introduced Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) protocols for efficient data gathering with efficient routing to reduce the energy consumption in the wireless network. We propose Quadrature-LEACH (Q-LEACH) protocol for heterogeneous network to improve the routing efficiency and throughput significantly with optimal functionality of network lifetime. The heterogeneous network consist of Wi-Max, Wi-Fi and LTE for real time application, the network should be highly equipped with a robust, reliable and efficient routing protocol so that the packets could be routed on the network with lower latency. The FODPSO (Fractional Order Darvinian Particle Swarm Optimization) optimization algorithm is applied to improve the performance of heterogeneous network for data handover and efficient routing. The optimization algorithm is used for the reliability of wireless link quality and the bandwidth utilization on the wireless routing path. The experimental results are proven that the optimal routing and higher range of link quality between various networks with low latency to minimize the time delay of data handover.