From the Editors

The title subject matter of this Issue 27 of our quarterly “Perspectives on Culture” is likely to direct the Reader’s intuition toward philosophical re­flection. And rightly so. The basic dictionary definition of “identity” pro­vides one meaning of the term signifying a state of being identical, and further, implies the facts, features, and personal information allowing one to identify a person. However, a deeper, humanistic and social definition refers to the area of self-awareness, but also a sense of unity with the com­munity, and the elements that determine it. These elements are especially culture, values, and finally, the community itself as seen in the metaphysi­cal dimension, i.e., high moral and religious ideals. Two authors–philosophers, Agata Płazińska, and Piotr Duchliński from the Ignatianum Uni­versity, propose their reflections on the metaphysical and culture-building nature of self-sacrifice as represented by the lives and deaths of Edith Stein and Simone Weil, and the meaning of self‑sacrifice in the name of higher values. In our culture, such value might lie in giving one’s life for another human being. It is a kind of sacrifice which can be described as an abso­lute one. Contrary to the present crisis in metaphysics and axiology, such “absolute acts” are essential and indelible elements of identity in our cul­ture. In the second text, Fr. Mariusz Szram from the John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin goes back many centuries, to the time of the Fathers of the Church, to explore the theological reflection on creating a monu­mental cohesion of Semitic and Hellenic thought, defining the identity of Christianity. Two other interesting analyses in our title section are Chris­tian Identity of a Teacher of Early Education in the Contemporary World by Ewelina Kurowicka-Roman (KUL JPII) and Shaping the National Identity of the Youth in the Polish Scouting Association (ZHP) by Kamil Roman (also from the Catholic University of Lublin).