Exploring the Motivation for Pesantren-Based Microfinance Institution Development: Schutz’s Phenomenological Approach

This study aims to explore the meaning of motivation for pesantren-based microfinance institution development based on Schutz’s phenomenological approach. The action motivation for microfinance institution development is typified based on “because motives” and “in order to motives.” Research on entrepreneurial motivation in China, America, and Greece show that cultural differences explain different motivation. Likewise, pesantren-based microfinance institution development is also perceived to have a different sort of motivation from that of other communities. Based on the uniqueness of pesantren communities and motivation differences among countries, this study employs Schutz’s phenomenological approach, taking the subjects as the founders of microfinance institutions in pesantren. The results of the study show the meaning of social concern as a “because motive” and worship as an “in order to motive.” This has implications for the development of a pesantren-based motivation theory. The motivation of social concern and worship can encourage the success of pesantren-based microfinance institution development. The results contribute to the concept development of entrepreneurial motivation. The meaning of entrepreneurial motivation is not only related to material motives but also a social and religious drive. Social and religious motivation complements an empirical study on entrepreneurship motivation.