Open Access“...AS A LIGHT FOR MOUNTAIN PLANTS”: KUZEBAY GERD ON THE MEANING AND PROBLEMS OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATION OF UDMURT CHILDREN
Author(s) -
Olga Ivanovna Vasilyeva,
V. S. Vorontsov
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
ežegodnik finno-ugorskih issledovanij
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2311-0333
pISSN - 2224-9443
DOI - 10.35634/2224-9443-2019-13-2-258-273
Subject(s) - gerd , meaning (existential) , psychology , independence (probability theory) , developmental psychology , pedagogy , sociology , medicine , disease , statistics , mathematics , pathology , reflux , psychotherapist
The article deals with one of the little-studied pages from the life of Kuzebay Gerd (K. P. Chaynikov), as a teacher and organizer of preschool education to Udmurt children. On the basis of archival documents, the activities of K. Gerd as the head of the Child Protection subdivision of the Udmurt regional Department of education and head of the Votyak of preschool children’s home № 1 named after Maxim Prokopyev are shown. The authors analyze pedagogical theories and methods of children’s education, which became widespread in the early twentieth century, present the original views of K. Gerd on the education of Udmurt children. The main requirements for working with children of preschool age during this period were the daily study, registration and study of the psychophysical characteristics of the child, his reliance on natural, “free” development, the formation of independence, labor skills. Much attention was paid to hygiene, the educational role of art, familiarizing children with the study of the environment through excursions and “live observations” of nature. K. Gerd attributed special importance to the use of the native language and children’s literature in the process of upbringing and education of Udmurt children. Attached to the publication: statement of K. Gerd in the Udmurt subdivision of the Department of public education, the texts of his speeches at the all - Russian congresses of Udmurts-educators and socialist culture on preschool education, which reveal the views of K. Gerd on the nature of the Udmurt child, the importance and objectives of pre-school education of children.