Open AccessPSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL PREVENTION OF BULLYING IN THE SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT
Author(s) -
Тетяна Степанівна Ціпан
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
ìnnovatika u vihovannì
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2518-7856
pISSN - 2411-4553
DOI - 10.35619/iiu.v1i14.427
Subject(s) - humiliation , intimidation , psychology , hostility , aggression , social psychology , harassment , pleasure , isolation (microbiology) , jealousy , neuroscience , microbiology and biotechnology , biology
The article analyzes the concept of “bullying” and describes the areas of psychological and pedagogical prevention of this phenomenon. Bullying is considered as individual or group physical or psychological violence against a person who is unable to defend himself at the time of the violence against him; as a form of cruel behavior, when the physically or psychologically stronger (bully, abuser) gets pleasure from ridicule, bullying of the weaker (victim). The factors and reasons for the spread of bulling in the school environment are clarified.
Bullying has been found to exist in two behavioral subcategories: direct and indirect bullying. Direct intimidation (active bullying) involves: threats, humiliation, insults, humiliation, harassment, causing trouble; indirect intimidation (passive bullying) includes: spreading rumors, spoiling personal belongings, lying, damaging reputation, isolation. Five stages of bulling were analyzed: creation of conditions, initial stage, active stage, social isolation of the victim, escalation of the conflict.
Factors contributing to the development and spread of bullying in adolescence were identified: low socio-economic status of the family, intra-family conflicts, changes in the family (the appearance of a stepfather, stepmother, second child, etc.), hyperopia or indifference of parents; low school performance and inflated requirements for students achievement, which do not correspond to their abilities, capabilities; low level of education; self-affirmation by humiliating the victim, up to the satisfaction of their own sadistic needs; alcohol, drug and computer game abuse; the struggle for power in the group, the desire and need to dominate others; life experience, which includes manifestations of aggression, hostility, violence, etc.
It was found that important in the practical activities of the school is the psychological and pedagogical prevention of bullying, which is implemented at the individual, group, school and family levels, and aimed at maintaining the mental health of students, as well as creating conditions that minimize or the influence of factors provoking violence, harassment, aggression, terror, etc. is leveled off.