The Calculation of the Pollution Distribution in the Klyazma Reservoir from Diffuse Bank Sources

In recent decades, anthropogenic pressure in the industrial and agricultural sectors has decreased markedly in catchments. However, there was no noticeable improvement in the water quality of water bodies. One of the main reasons for this situation is the lack of a strategy to reduce the load from the dispersed catchment (diffuse) sources of pollution, including the development of cottage and cottage construction directly on the banks of reservoirs, In contrast to point sources of pollution, there are no regulatory and methodological documents for the calculation of diffuse pollution. Diffuse pollution has become a major source of pollution for many water bodies. The risk of diffuse contamination is especially great in a period of intense surface runoff, i.e. rainfall floods and river floods. Ignoring this factor, the Russian water legislation in recent years has sharply «softened» the regulations of economic activity in water protection zones (WPZ) and sanitary protection zones (SPZ) of water bodies, including sources of drinking water supply. The article describes a method of mathematical modeling of calculating the diffuse flow from the coastal section of the Klyazma reservoir – one of the sources of water supply in Moscow. This method also makes it possible to determine the boundaries of the water intake zones of water treatment plants. It is necessary to estimate the power of surface runoff under different weather conditions and the transformation of pollution during the spread of pollutants downstream. The developed method can be used to calculate diffuse pollution for other water bodies