Open AccessWater Quality in the Volga Estuary as a Reflection of the Current Water/ economic Activity on the River Catchment Territory
Author(s) -
S. I. Shaporenko
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
vodnoe hozâjstvo rossii: problemy, tehnologii, upravlenie/vodnoe hozâjstvo rossii : problemy, tehnologii, upravlenie
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2686-8253
pISSN - 1999-4508
DOI - 10.35567/1999-4508-2018-6-5
Subject(s) - surface runoff , environmental science , pollutant , wastewater , water quality , organic matter , pollution , estuary , drainage basin , hydrology (agriculture) , water pollution , current (fluid) , suspended solids , environmental chemistry , environmental engineering , chemistry , ecology , geography , geology , oceanography , cartography , geotechnical engineering , biology , organic chemistry
The work was carried out according to Rosgosstat and Rosgidromet Service data for the period of 1990-2015. The analysis showed a clearly expressed tendency to reduce water consumption and wastewater disposal of various categories in surface water bodies in general for the whole catchment area of the Volga. Short stretches of stabilization or growth in the late 1990s, in the early and second half of the 2000s, in certain years of the 2010s sometimes interrupted the above trends. Reduction of pollutant discharges by 2-6 times in most parameters (organic matter, suspended substances, phenols, nitrites, ammonium and phosphates, copper, and zinc) was combined with proportional growth of discharges of nitrates. The connections of some hydro/chemical parameters in the Verkhneye Lebyazhye meter section (mean annual concentrations of oil products and copper, maximum and, less obviously, average annual concentrations of phenols) have been identified with the entry of certain pollutants with certain categories of wastewater. The volumes of removal from the runoff of the Volga of biogenic and polluting substances are determined largely by the water content of the year. Compounds of phosphorus and copper, petroleum products, organic substances, phenols tend to reduce carry-over since 1996. The total removal of nitrates demonstrates the closest correlation with water runoff, but at the same time a certain asynchrony with its long-term tendency. The main factors affecting the long-term variability in the intake of nitrates (growth since the second half of the 1990s) and their removal together river runoff are technological shortcomings in the work of the bulk of treatment facilities on the Volga catchment and diffuse sources.