Open AccessContemporary Problems of the Surface Waters Quality Assessment, Regulating and Monitoring
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
vodnoe hozâjstvo rossii: problemy, tehnologii, upravlenie/vodnoe hozâjstvo rossii : problemy, tehnologii, upravlenie
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2686-8253
pISSN - 1999-4508
DOI - 10.35567/1999-4508-2018-1-4
Subject(s) - water quality , pollutant , environmental science , quality (philosophy) , natural (archaeology) , pollution , environmental monitoring , environmental resource management , surface water , water resources , risk analysis (engineering) , computer science , environmental planning , environmental engineering , business , geology , ecology , philosophy , epistemology , biology , paleontology
Water resources protection and rehabilitation to the ecologicallly favorable living condition is one of the main tasks of Water Strategy of the RF till 2020. This task cannot be considered fulfilled. This article analyses the reasons of the situation. Several broblems are discussed: insufficient scientific support of the natural waters quality assessment methods, state of the quality management (regulating) system, lack of the advanced and adequate monitoring system, and lack of funding for the purposes of water protection. It has been shown that scientific/methodological basis for natural waters quality assessment and management focused on the MPC system and the discharges statistics according to the 2-TP (vodkhoz) pattern is obsolete and out-dated. No monitoring of micro-pollutants, zenobiotic first of all, is done. Practically, there is no monitoring of bottom sediments. Thechnology of hydro/chemical information processing is not developed. Any requirements to the disposed water quality should take into account the background concentrations different for water bodies located in different physical/geographic and climatic zones. The order of procedure for transition from the current discharge regulation system on the basis of NDS to the system based on NDT is not worked out. There are no norms of the pollutants content in bottom sediments. It has been proposed to apply information techniques for assessment of the xenobiotic pollution on the basis of the biological activity forecast for PASS and GUSAR compounds. All units of the water sector are to use computer information/calculating systems provided with the advanced model of water basins and their sections in order to change radically the situation with water sector funding. It seems that one of the possible ways of the water quality regulating problems is the transition to the risk-oriented approach which is actively used in the legislative regulation systems of the developed countries.