Open AccessINTERNATIONAL SPACE LAW AND LEGAL ENTITIES
Author(s) -
Г. Г. Шинкарецкая
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
trudy instituta gosudarstva i prava rossijskoj akademii nauk
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2073-4522
DOI - 10.35427/2073-4522-2020-15-1-shinkaretskaya
Subject(s) - outer space , space (punctuation) , liability , space law , action (physics) , multinational corporation , point (geometry) , business , law , political science , computer science , physics , mathematics , geometry , quantum mechanics , operating system
From the very beginning of the space activity in the middle of the XX cen tury the whole of it was considered mostly from the point of view of the military use of outer space. The only subjects of the space activity were states. All legal regulation of the activity was formatted by states. Both responsibility and liability for all activity were laid down upon states whoever was busy with the activity. Over time as technology advanced the outer space has become a place of the so calledactionoriented kinds of the use of the space. These are tele- and radio emission; the access to the Web; collection of meteorological and ecological data; communication and traffic, as well as remote sensing of the surface of the Earth and its subsoil. Practically all action-oriented kinds of the use of the space are made by means of the artificial satellites, the number of these active in the space is now estimated as about 2000. The space activity turned out to be quite profitable, so that it became an object of big investments. Naturally significant capitals of private business began to flow into outer space. Multinational corporations got interested in the space activity as well. Lately private companies began to pay attention to comets and asteroids since real technical opportunities appeared to develop their natural resources. A peculiar feature of these celestial bodies is, that some minerals are there quite pure so that the development might be much more profitable than on the Earth. But the consequences of the development are vague. The main document of the space law, the Treaty on the principals of space activity 1967 fully forbids national appropriation of space and celestial bodies.