THE APPLICATION OF CONSTRUCTIONS MADE FROM BIODEGRADABLE MATERIAL WITH BIOACTIVE ACTION IN RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY OF MAXILLOFACIAL AREA

Currently, titanium plates and screws are widely used to fix bone fragments in maxillofacial surgery. The need for a second operation to remove the metal structure increases the patient's incapacity for work, the economic costs of treatment and the psychoemotional load on the patient associated with anxiety and additional stress. All this has led to the emergence of an alternative method of osteosynthesis using biodegradable plates and screws, which do not have these disadvantages. With all the positive properties of titanium fixators in recent years there has been a large number of publications on the increase in complications after metal osteosynthesis (MOS) using titanium bone plates and screws, which is from 5 to 18 %, therefore, there is a need to remove them after consolidation of bone fragments. The results of the study were the basis for finding ways to obtain the material without metal defect, from which it would be possible to make fixator in the form of plates and screws for the osteosynthesis in maxillofacial region. It was developed biodegradable material of bioactive action (EPU-GAP-LEV) based on polyurethane composition which contains 20 % hydroxyapatite, and 6 % levamisole for osteosynthesis fixator. It was proved effectiveness of EPU-GAP-LEV fixators for osteosynthesis in the treatment of the patients with fractures and deformations of facial skull. Positive results of own clinical researches in early and long terms testified to efficiency and perspective of use of polymeric (including EPU-GAP-LEV) miniplasts in surgical treatment of fractures of facial skull with shift.