Aspects of adaptation in the sports training of students who practise powerlifting

This article represents a theoretical analysis of the literature in the field of sports training, which reflects the specific focus on adaptation processes in students who practise performance sports under the conditions of studying in higher education institutions. According to several authors, the adaptation process that occurs in the athlete’s body is the foundation for achieving and improving sports performance. Bodyadaptation to physical effort is the reaction of the whole organism and is aimed at reaching two goals: ensuring muscle activity and maintaining homeostasis of the internal environment, which are important aspects for planning the training process. The article reflects the process of adaptation to physical effort and its basic principles in the powerlifting sport event. However, the essence of this paper consists in the aspects of combining sports training with the educational process and highlighting that, for effective planning of the training process with student athletes who practise powerlifting, it is necessary to take into account a number of factors, namely: psycho-social changes (especially in the first year of studies); dietary changes and caloricdeficit; morpho-functional, hormonal and metabolic changes related to stress caused by the process of studying, especially during the exam periods; analysis of the curriculum in which practical sessions are persisting – a factor that can lead to neuromuscular exhaustion, which will worsen the training process; rational planning ofphysical effort to avoid fatigue, a condition that can affect the studying process and others. Taking these aspects into account will help avoid “maladaptation”.